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Global institutions and Arctic governance
International decisions made outside the Arctic—on shipping, biodiversity, and seabed mining—have a big impact in the region. WWF works to make sure Arctic needs are heard on the global stage.
Why global rules matter in the Arctic
Governance decisions made far beyond the Arctic—on shipping, biodiversity, and seabed mining—have major consequences for Arctic ecosystems and people.
WWF engages with global institutions to ensure Arctic priorities are reflected in these global agreements and standards.
Key global institutions and treaties
- International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Sets global shipping safety and pollution rules. The Polar Code applies specifically to Arctic and Antarctic waters. - International Seabed Authority (ISA)
Regulates exploration and potential mining of minerals on the seabed beyond national jurisdiction. - UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Defines legal maritime zones and sets out nations’ rights and duties in the ocean. - Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
Sets global biodiversity goals, including marine protection. The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework includes a target to protect 30 per cent of the ocean by 2030. - High Seas Treaty
A new treaty to create marine protected areas and coordinate ocean governance in the High Seas, including the Central Arctic Ocean.
© Martha de Jong-Lantink / Flickr
WWF’s role in global governance
WWF works to bring Arctic science and Indigenous perspectives into global decision-making. We:
- Advocate for climate-smart, low-impact shipping.
- Call for a precautionary approach to seabed mining and commercial fishing.
- Support strong global biodiversity targets that benefit Arctic species.
- Promote coordination between Arctic and global institutions.
More on Arctic governance
Arctic governance in the news
The latest features, news and reports.
